Be from aluminum deep process
Anodic oxidation: mainly aluminum anodic oxidation, is the use of electrochemical principle, on the surface of aluminum and aluminum alloy to generate a layer of Al2O3 (alumina) film. This oxide film has the special characteristics of protection, decoration, insulation, wear resistance and so on.
Process flow:
Monochrome, gradient:
Polishing/sandblasting/wiredrawing → degreasing → anodic oxidation → neutralization → dyeing → hole sealing → drying
Double color:
① Polishing/sandblasting/wire drawing → degreasing → shielding → anodic oxidation 1→ anodic oxidation 2 → sealing → drying
② Polishing/sandblasting/wire drawing → degreasing → anodizing 1 → radium carving → anodizing 2 → sealing → drying
Technical features:
1. Enhance strength;
2.achieve any color except white;
3.Achieve nickel-free hole sealing, to meet the requirements of European, American and other countries on nickel-free.
Technical difficulties and key points for improvement:
The yield level of anodic oxidation is related to the cost of the final product. The key to improve the yield of oxidation lies in the appropriate dosage of oxidizer, the appropriate temperature and current density, which requires the manufacturers of structural parts to constantly explore and seek breakthroughs in the production process.
ED-Electrophoresis deposition
Electrophoresis: used for stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc., can make the product show a variety of colors, and maintain metallic luster, while enhancing the surface performance, with good anti-corrosion performance.
Process: pretreatment → electrophoresis → drying
Technical features: Advantages:
1. rich color;
2. no metal texture, can cooperate with sandblasting, polishing, wire drawing, etc.;
3, processing in liquid environment, can realize the surface treatment of complex structure;
4.mature process, can be mass production.
Disadvantages: the ability to cover defects is general, and the pretreatment of die casting is required by electrophoresis
Micro-arc Oxidation (MAO)
Micro-arc oxidation: The formation of a ceramic surface film by applying a high voltage to an electrolyte solution (usually a weakly alkaline solution), resulting from the synergistic effect of physical discharge and electrochemical oxidation.
Process: pretreatment → hot water washing → MAO → drying
Technical features:
Advantages:
1. Ceramic texture, dull appearance, no high-gloss products, delicate feel, anti-fingerprint;
2.a wide range of substrates: Al, Ti, Zn, Zr, Mg, Nb, and their alloys;
3. Simple pretreatment, excellent corrosion resistance, weather resistance and heat dissipation.
Disadvantages: the current color is limited, only black, gray and other mature, bright color is difficult to achieve; The cost is mainly affected by high power consumption, which is one of the highest surface treatment costs.
PVD vacuum plating
Physical vapor deposition (PVD) : Is an industrial manufacturing process, which mainly uses Physical processes to deposit films.
Process flow:
PVD before cleaning→vacuum into the furnace→cleaning target and ion cleaning→coating→ coating end→ cooling out of the oven→ post treatment (polishing, AFP)
PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) can be coated on the metal surface with high hard coating and high wear resistance of cermet decorative coating.
Electroplating
Electroplating: is the use of electrolysis to make the surface of the metal attached to a layer of metal film technology so as to prevent corrosion, improve wear resistance, electrical conductivity, reflective and enhance the role of a kind of technology.
Process: pretreatment → cyanide-free alkaline copper → cyanide-free white copper tin → chrome plating
Technical features:
Advantages:
1.high gloss coating, high quality metal appearance;
2.the substrate is SUS, Al, Zn, Mg, etc. The cost is lower than PVD.
Disadvantages: poor environmental protection, environmental pollution risk.
Powder coating
Powder spraying: powder spraying equipment (electrostatic spray machine) to spray the powder coating to the surface of the workpiece, under the electrostatic action, the powder will be evenly adsorbed on the surface of the workpiece, forming a powdery coating; The powdery coating is baked at high temperature, levelled and cured to become a final coating with various effects (different kinds of effects of powder coating).
Process flow: loading → electrostatic dust removal → spraying → low temperature leveling → baking
Technical features:
Advantages:
1.rich color, highlights, matte optional;
2.low cost, suitable for building furniture products and radiator shell;
3.high utilization rate, 100% utilization, environmental protection;
4. Strong ability to cover defects;
Imitation wood grain effect.
Disadvantages: less used in electronic products at present
Metal wire drawing
Wire drawing: it is a surface treatment method to form lines on the surface of the workpiece by grinding the product and playing a decorative effect. According to the different lines after drawing can be divided into: straight lines drawing, random lines drawing, ripple, spin.
Technical features:
The drawing process can make the metal surface to obtain a non-mirror metallic luster, while the drawing process can eliminate the fine defects on the metal surface.
Sand blasting
Sandblasting: it is a process of using compressed air as the power to form a high-speed jet beam to spray the material to the surface of the workpiece to be processed at high speed, so that the appearance or shape of the surface of the workpiece surface changes, and obtain a certain cleanliness and different roughness.
Technical features:
1.to achieve different reflective or matt.
2.can clean the small burr on the surface of the workpiece, and make the surface of the workpiece more smooth, eliminate the harm of the burr, improve the grade of the workpiece.
3.clear the residual pollution left before treatment, improve the finish of the workpiece, can make the workpiece show a uniform metal color, make the workpiece appearance more beautiful, good-looking.
polishing
Polishing: The modification of workpiece surface by using flexible polishing tools and abrasive particles or other polishing media.
For different polishing processes: rough polishing (basic polishing process), middle polishing (finishing process) and fine polishing (polishing process), the selection of appropriate polishing wheel can achieve the best polishing effect, while improving the polishing efficiency.
Technical features: improve the workpiece size accuracy or geometric shape accuracy, get smooth surface or mirror luster, but also eliminate luster.
Etching
Etching: usually referred to as etching, also known as photochemical etching, refers to through exposure plate making, development, will be etched area of the protective film removal, contact with chemical solution during etching, to dissolve corrosion, the formation of concave and convex or hollow molding effect.
Exposure method: engineering according to the figure out preparation size – material preparation – material cleaning – drying – film or coating – drying – exposure – development – drying – etch – stripping – OK
Screen printing method: cutting → cleaning plate (stainless steel and other metal materials)→ screen printing → etching → removing film →OK Advantages:
1, can be fine processing of the metal surface;
2.give the metal surface special effect; Disadvantages: Etching using corrosive liquids (acid, alkali, etc.) are mostly harmful to the environment.